Cholesterol Awareness: Know Your Numbers

High cholesterol often develops quietly, without any warning signs.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that about 86 million U.S. adults age 20 or older have total cholesterol levels above 200 mg/dL, and nearly 25 million have levels above 240 mg/dL, which is considered high. The CDC also notes that because high cholesterol typically has no symptoms, many people may not know their levels are too high until they are tested.

Cholesterol is a waxy substance that your body needs, but excess LDL (“bad”) cholesterol can contribute to plaque buildup inside your arteries. Over time, plaque can narrow the arteries and restrict blood flow. If blood flow to the heart is blocked, it can cause a heart attack. If blood flow to the brain is blocked, it can cause an ischemic stroke. The American Heart Association notes that high cholesterol can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Ways to Lower High Cholesterol

Small, steady lifestyle changes can help manage cholesterol, starting with food choices. Limit saturated fats, which are found in fatty meats, full-fat dairy products, and some tropical oils. Choose more vegetables, fruits, whole grains, beans, oats, nuts, seafood, and lean proteins. Foods high in soluble fiber, such as oatmeal and beans, can help lower LDL cholesterol.

Regular physical activity is also important. Adults should aim for about 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity each week, such as brisk walking, biking, or swimming.

Reaching or maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding tobacco, managing blood pressure, and taking medications as directed can also support healthier cholesterol levels and overall heart health.

If you are not sure where to begin, ask your healthcare provider about cholesterol testing and a plan that fits your individual health needs. Knowing your numbers can help you and your healthcare provider make informed decisions to protect your heart health.

Sources:

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) — High Cholesterol Facts
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) — Testing for Cholesterol
• American Heart Association — Understanding Cholesterol and Lipids: Your Complete Guide to LDL, HDL, Triglycerides and Lipoprotein(a)
• American Heart Association — Prevention and Treatment of High Cholesterol (Hyperlipidemia)
• National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) — Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes to Lower Cholesterol